Great Barrier Reef

Seven Wonders of the Underwater World

The Great Barrier Reef is not a single reef but a mosaic of thousands of individual reefs and hundreds of islands, spread along some 2,300 kilometres of Australia’s north-east coast. It is the largest coral reef system in the world and supports an enormous variety of life, from tiny corals and clams to turtles, dugongs, reef sharks, whales and countless fish. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a marine park managed by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, in partnership with Traditional Owners whose cultures are tied to sea country. The reef faces serious pressures: marine heatwaves have caused repeated mass bleaching in recent years, cyclones and crown-of-thorns starfish cause damage, and runoff from land affects water quality. Many reef areas remain vibrant, and tourism is one route to appreciation and funding for management, with visitors paying an Environmental Management Charge, usually included in tour prices. Experiences include snorkelling and diving from pontoons and boats, glass-bottom boats, scenic flights and sailing in the Whitsundays. Cairns and Port Douglas are the main departure points for outer reef trips, while Lady Elliot and Heron islands offer island stays. Marine stingers are present in warmer months, when protective suits are advised, and weather can affect trips. Choose operators with good environmental practices, avoid touching coral, use reef-safe habits and treat any visit as a chance to learn about the reef’s fragility and recovery.